The client will report satisfactory pain control at a level of less than 3 to 4 on a scale of 0 to 10.The client will use pharmacological and nonpharmacological pain relief strategies.Spasms in the lower back and bladder area. ![]() Inflammation and infection of the urinary tract (e.g., urethra, bladder, and other urinary tract structures). ![]() Burning or pain when urinating is one of the common symptoms of UTI (Urology Care Foundation, 2022). The irritation causes pain in the lower abdomen or pelvic area and even in the lower back. The lining of the bladder becomes inflamed and irritated. Complicated UTIs are defined as UTIs that are associated with metabolic disorders, that is secondary to anatomic or functional abnormalities that impair urinary tract drainage, or that involve unusual pathogens, which increase the risk for therapeutic failure (Brusch & Stuart, 2023).īecause of the referred pain pathways, even simple lower UTI may be accompanied by flank pain and costovertebral angle tenderness. An uncomplicated UTI usually only involves the bladder. Bacteria may ascend to the ureters to multiply and cause infection of the kidneys ( pyelonephritis). An infection in the urethra is called urethritis. UTIs are usually classified as infections involving the upper or lower urinary tract. These traits facilitate colonization and infection of the urinary tract (Brusch & Stuart, 2023). Uropathogenic bacteria, derived from a subset of fecal flora, have traits that enable adherence, growth, and resistance to host defenses. But, in some cases, bacteria overcome the natural defenses of the body, therefore causing infection. Usually, bacteria that enter the urinary tract system are removed by the body before they can cause symptoms. Among the pathogens responsible for the remainder are Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Enterococcus faecalis. E.coli causes the majority of uncomplicated cystitis cases. coli), normally found in the digestive system. ![]() Most UTIs are caused by the bacterium Escherichia coli ( E. These infections account for a significant number of emergency department (ED) visits, and 20% of women develop at least one UTI (Brusch & Stuart, 2023). UTI is defined as significant bacteriuria in the setting of symptoms of cystitis or pyelonephritis. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the urinary tract (kidney, bladder, urethra). Discover the evidence-based nursing interventions for urinary tract infection in this guide. Get to know the nursing diagnosis for urinary tract infection (UTI) nursing care plans.
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